AREGU March 47/3

De Cavanagh, Elena M. V., Felipe Inserra, León Ferder, and César G. Fraga. Enalapril and captopril enhance glutathione-dependent antioxidant defenses in mouse tissues. Am. J. Physiol. Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 278: R572–R577, 2000.—The effect of enalapril and captopril on total glutathione content (GSSG 1 GSH) and seleniumdependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GPx) and glutathione reductase (GSSG-Rd) activities was investigated in mouse tissues. CF-1 mice (4-mo-old females) received water containing enalapril (20 mg/l) or captopril (50 mg/l) for 11 wk. Enalapril increased GSSG 1 GSH content (P , 0.05) in erythrocytes (147%), brain (112%), and lung (67%), and captopril increased GSSG 1 GSH content in erythrocytes (190%) and brain (132%). Enalapril enhanced Se-GPx activity in kidney cortex (42%) and kidney medulla (23%) and captopril in kidney cortex (30%). GSSG-Rd activity was enhanced by enalapril in erythrocytes (21%), brain (21%), liver (18%), and kidney cortex (53%) and by captopril in erythrocytes (25%), brain (19%), and liver (34%). In vitro erythrocyte oxidant stress was evaluated by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) production (control 365 6 11, enalapril 221 6 26, captopril 206 6 17 nmol TBARS·g Hb21 ·h21; both P , 0.05 vs. control) and phenylhydrazine-induced methemoglobin (MetHb) formation (control 66.5 6 3.5, enalapril 52.9 6 0.4, captopril: 56.4 6 2.9 μmol MetHb/g Hb; both P , 0.05 vs. control). Both angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor treatments were associated with increased nitric oxide production, as assessed by plasma NO3 2 1 NO2 2 level determination (control 9.22 6 0.64, enalapril 13.7 6 1.9, captopril 17.3 6 3.0 μmol NO3 2 1 NO2 /l plasma; both P , 0.05 vs. control). These findings support our previous reports on the enalapriland captopril-induced enhancement of endogenous antioxidant defenses and include new data on glutathione-dependent defenses, thus furthering current knowledge on the association of ACE inhibition and antioxidants.